Musculoskeletal system infections are acute or chronic inflammatory processes caused by various infectious agents. Since many different factors are involved in the natural course of these infections, many different disease types occur. In order to understand these disease processes and develop new treatment modalities, experimental models developed in experimental animals are required that mimic the disease processes with the forms seen in humans and show biological similarities with human body. Although until now no such experimental models could be developed that can totally meet the needs, significant advances have been established in the recent years. This manuscript reviews the experimental musculoskeletal system infection models that have been used to date.