Venous thromboembolism (VTE), is one of the most serious and feared complications especially in posttraumatic and postoperative periods. VTE, a disease entity comprising deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), is among the most common causes of morbidity and mortality of patients both hospitalized and out of hospital. The aim of this review is to give an overview of the currently available treatment modalities of VTE. Exclusively, specific aspects regarding the VTE treatment with anticoagulation, thrombolysis, thrombectomy and filters will be discussed.