Orthopedics & Traumatology surgeons more commonly encounter legal and criminal disputes regarding total hip arthroplasty due to variety of materials used, the difference in surgical techniques and the increasing number of patients. Complications that may develop after surgery and medical practice errors may be reflected in the case and faced by these surgeons. In our article, some of the cases reflected in the high courts have been compiled, and it is aimed to contribute to the formation of a non-controversial or process with minimal dispute by determining both the information about the process and the indicating actions that can be taken before they arise.