In parallel with technological developments, many surgical interventions, that can be performed openly, can also be successfully performed arthroscopically. Apart from the complications that may arise after shoulder arthroscopy, there are quite frequent conflicts arising from the reimbursement of the Social Security Institution and the coverage of the surgical intervention by the private health insurance. In our article, applications for shoulder fractures are excluded. It is aimed to determine the legal dimension of the situation and the possible risks awaiting the orthopedics and traumatology specialist in the future, by presenting arthroscopy applications for shoulder surgery, the cases related to the Social Security Institution and private health insurance reimbursement.