Regenerative medicine is a science that aims to treat the damaged tissue by stimulating the self-healing potential of the damaged tissue in various ways and/or transferring the stem cells, which have the potential to transform into the related tissue, to the damaged tissue. Depending on today`s technological developments, replacement (change/repair) treatment is replaced by regenerative treatment methods for many orthopedic musculoskeletal disorders such as osteoarthritis, cartilage defects, tendinopathies, muscle, and ligament tears, delayed union, nonunion, diabetic foot ulcer and avascular necrosis. After the use of regenerative therapy in cartilage disorders as the first time in orthopedics, it has started to be used for other musculoskeletal disorders. Prolotherapy, which acts with the hypertonic solutions by causing tissue destruction, platelet-rich plasma (PRP) containing tissue regeneration factors and stem cell therapies, which have the ability to regenerate tissue, that is used in many musculoskeletal problems, have also been used primarily in cartilage pathologies. Today, tissue-specific combined regenerative treatment protocols for musculoskeletal pathologies are the subject of research, and 3D tissue engineering methods are being developed for defects that are too large to be repaired. In this review, the development process of orthopedic regenerative medicine treatment methods and the terminology of this treatment were reviewed by searching the current literature.