Total joint arthroplasties (TJA) are successful operations and nowadays the number of TJA has increased considerably. Prosthetic joint infection (PJI) is one of the most devastating complications in TJA. This complication continues to be a challenge to orthopaedic surgeons. The treatment of PJI is difficult and it generally requires more than a single operation. Moreover, PJI adds additional burden to the health care system of a country. One of the most important aspects of infection in orthopedic surgery is to prevent infection.

Numerous strategies have been developed for the prevention of infection. The literature on this subject is also enormous. The aim of this review is to present the measures for the prevention of PJI during pre-, intra-, and post-operative periods.