In elite athletes, the most frequently injured tendon in the elbow is the distal biceps tendon, and the least frequently injured tendon is the triceps tendon. However, both injuries can also significantly affect performance. Acute, full-thickness ruptures should be treated surgically. Conservative treatment should be the first choice in muscle-level tears or partial tears. In ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) injuries, which are the most common in baseball players, partial tears can be treated conservatively, while full-thickness and chronic tears often require reconstruction. Lateral epicondylitis is the most common cause of elbow pain in elite athletes. While pain is usually acute in nature in young athletes, it is often chronic in older athletes. While conservative treatment usually reveals good results in this self-limiting disorder, surgical treatment is an effective option in cases for whom conservative treatment fails. Medial epicondylitis is much rarer than lateral epicondylitis. Conservative treatment almost always provides favorable outcomes in this disorder, which is seen mostly in elderly athletes who perform sports that require forearm pronation and wrist flexion.