Total knee and hip arthroplasty are among the most commonly performed orthopedic surgical procedures worldwide. Total knee and total hip arthroplasty not only reduces pain but also contributes to functional improvement and improves quality of life. However, despite their high success rates, arthroplasties are not without risks. Infection, venous thromboembolism, periprosthetic fracture, pain, mechanical failure are the most common complications after total knee and hip arthroplasty. These complications significantly affect postoperative recovery and quality of life. Nurses have an important role in the management of complications. Evidence-based nursing interventions are required to prevent complications, control existing complications, ensure interdisciplinary cooperation and optimize outcomes. Nursing interventions including patient education, effective pain management, prevention of infection, early mobilization, prevention of falls, interdisciplinary collaboration, and implementation of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols are crucial to reduce the risk of complications and improve outcomes after arthroplasty. The main objective of this review is to present the common complications and nursing management in patients after total knee and total hip arthroplasty according to current evidence.