Autologous chondrocyte implantation is performed by isolating chondrocytes from in tact cartilage tissue and injecting culture expanded chondrocytes into a periosteum covered chondral defect. Its advantages are that there are no dead spaces between grafts, no allogenic tissue use, and no donor site morbidity. However, the disadvantages are that it requires arthrotomy, staged surgery, transport to laboratory, long time for healing and is expensive. Twenty six percent of the complications are related to arthrotomy. The most frequently encountered one is intraarticular adhesions. Hyaline-like cartilage including type II collagen can be obtained by this method. Long-term success rate is about 85%.