Subacromial impingement syndrome is one of the most common reasons of shoulder pain. Most of the patients suffer from pain on the shoulder region extending down to the upper arm during overhead activities. The ethiology of the subacromial impingement syndrome is not only a simple mechanical impingement of the rotator cuff tendons under acromion but a complex of conditions involving a combination of intrinsic and extrinsic factors. The disease can be diagnosed with patients` history and physical examination but it should be supported with diagnostic modalities. Physiotheraphy should be the first line treatment and is effective in most of the patients. Surgical treatment is the secondary alternative in patients whose symptoms have not improved with conservative methods. Subacromial decompression with bursectomy alone or in combination with acromioplasty, gives successful results and can be performed with either open or arthroscopic techniques. Internal impingement syndrome is a disease of young and sportive population whose main symptome is postero-superior shoulder pain. This syndrome is seen in overhead thrower athlets where repeated microtraumas causes articular-sided rotator cuff tears, labral tears, biceps tendinitis, anterior instability and internal rotation deficit. The treatment is mainly non-operative. This review summarizes the current treatment alternatives of subacromial impingement and internal impingement syndromes.