The hip fracture is a public health problem with medical, economic and social aspects. Primary aim should be prevention of the hip fracture instead of treatment because of its high mortality, morbidity, complication rates and financial burden. All displaced and most of the nondisplaced hip fractures are treated surgically with fixation for osteosynthesis or hip arthroplasty. There is not a consensus in the literature regarding the best method however; decision should be made according to many anatomical, physiological, and comorbid factors. Hip replacement is the recommendation for femoral head or neck fractures of the physiologically elderly, patients with low level activity and severe osteoporosis. Among this group, total hip arthroplasty is a widely accepted current option for patients with longer life expectancies.