Intervertebral discs are structures that are subject to intense deformation, and the degeneration process is multifactorial and has not been fully elucidated. Cellular, biomolecular and genetic studies on disc healing have gained popularity in recent years. In the studies, regeneration strategies were performed as isolated annulus fibrosus and nucleus pulposus. Although implants and their derivatives have been tried as repair mechanisms especially for annulus fibrosus, mostly regeneration-oriented gene therapies and biomolecules have been focused on for nucleus pulposus. In particular, mesenchymal stem cells have an important place in studies. In this article, promising developments in the treatment of intervertebral disc degeneration are mentioned, although longerterm and large-scale studies are needed.