The ultrasonography (US) provides a rapid and reliable diagnosis in many musculoskeletal lesions. Improved technology and the development of high-resolution transducers allow sonography of the structures of the musculoskeletal system. Sonography has some advantages: it is inexpensive, uses no radiation and can be performed at bedside. In this review, we present the main utilization purposes and findings of US in musculoskeletal system and soft tissue.