Venous thrombosis is a general term for thrombus formed within a vein. It includes a conditions ranging from asymptomatic deep venous thrombosis to fatal pulmonary embolus. Venous thrombosis is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality after total knee arthroplasty. Prevention of pulmonary embolus is reasonable when the limitations of treatment options considered. The ideal prophylaxis regimen should be not to cause complications related to bleeding while preventing the development of symptomatic venous thrombosis. American College of Chest Physicians (ACCP) and the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS) have developed guidelines to assist clinicians to decide appropriate prophylactic regimen. As of today, many different methods are preferred for the prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism; a consensus has not been reached regarding to the optimal compression device, the most efficacious pharmacologic agent, and ideal duration of treatment.