Compartment syndrome is one of the few orthopedic emergencies. Increased intra-compartmental pressure result in decreased tissue perfusion. Therefore, irreversible tissue damage is inevitable if this situation persists. Delayed diagnosis or neglected treatment may lead to catastrophic results such as; permanent neuromuscular damage and even loss of affected extremity. Diagnosis can be particularly difficult in children. Thus, physicians must be aware of the findings of compartment syndrome in children and be capable of managing the emergency treatment. Risk factors and high-risk cases in terms of compartment syndrome have to be well-known by any physician. If the diagnosis of compartment syndrome is settled, emergent fasciotomy and decompression is indicated to restore tissue perfusion. Therefore, timing is crucial in the treatment and diagnosis of compartment syndrome. The aim of this article is to inform surgeons about individuals with high probability of developing compartment syndrome and to raise awareness about situations that may occur in daily practice. It must be keep in mind that the best way to avoid complications is to keep the high suspicion up for possible compartment syndrome and take immediate action.