Residency programs (residency training programs) (postgraduate education) are carried out in university hospitals or training hospitals belong to the Ministry of Health. Residency and subspecialty training programs are given according to the practice of `The Regulation of Residency Programs in Medicine and Dentistry`. The Board of Residency Programs in Medicine has an important mission in defining, evaluation and pursuance of the criteria associated with the residency programs in medicine. The core curriculum of residency programs are prepared by the commissions that form the Curriculum Establishment and Defining Standards System in Board of Residency Programs in Medicine. The core curriculum related to orthopedics and traumatology is not finalized currently. The establishment of the curriculum and appliance of it in the university hospitals and training hospitals that belong to the Ministry of Health at equal terms carries utmost importance in seizing the necessary standards.