Scoliosis is a three-dimensional structural deformity of the spine. Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis constitutes the majority of the cases. Exercise therapy is one of the conservative treatment methods in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. It is applied to prevent the progression of the curvature, to reduce the problems such as pain and muscular athropy caused by the use of brace, and to increase the effect of surgery. The decision of exercise therapy is given according to the magnitude of the curvature. While mild curvatures are usually treated with exercise alone, physical exercises are applied together with brace for moderate cuvatures. Exercise therapy consists of home exercise programs (self-correction, strengthening, mobilization, device-assisted exercises), accompanied by physiotherapy (electrical stimulation), and intensive programs that requires hospitalization, including breathing and postural correction. Major scoliosis-spesific exercise methods; Schroth method, Scientific Exercise Approach to Scoliosis (SEAS) method, Dobosiewicz method, Functional Individual Therapy of Scoliosis Approach (FITS) method, and Side-Shift method. As the number of studies showing the effectiveness of exercise therapy in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis and the quality of the studies increase, its use in clinical practice will increase.