Calcaneus fractures are the most commonly seen tarsal bone fractures, accounting for about 60% of all tarsal fractures. Seventy-seventy five percent of all calcaneus fractures are intraarticular fractures affecting the posterior facet and the subtalar joint integration. Considering intraarticular fractures involving subtalar joint particularly, calcaneus fractures may be defined as a problematic fracture type due to its clinical outcomes in orthopedics. Although successful outcomes may be mostly obtained with conservative treatments in extraarticular calcaneus fractures, there are still debates on the treatment of intraarticular fractures in particular worldwide. However, the most widely adopted treatment of displaced intraarticular calcaneus fractures involving the posterior facet is surgery. In surgical treatment of calcaneus fractures the objectives can be summarized as the restoration of the subtalar joint, the posterior articular surface particularly, and restoration of the height and width of the calcaneus. Complications of calcaneus fractures and surgery include early wound dehiscence, skin necrosis, infection, neurovascular injury, tromboembolitic events and compartment syndrome. Subtalar osteoarthritis may develop as a complication following both conservative and surgical modalities.