Oral bacteria may spread to the blood circulation during daily oral hygiene activities and dental treatments and may lead to infections. This important situation was fairly well discussed for infective endocarditis. The guidelines for antibiotic prophylaxis treatment of dental patients with total joint replacement are discussed on several occasions by scientific committees of medical and dental organizations. Presence of discussions about the antibiotic prophylaxis is important for an ideal patient screening and prevention of undesirable infections. The purpose of this review is to discuss the current approaches and details on antibiotic prophylaxis in dental patients who had undergone total joint replacement.