The knee joint is one of the most commonly injured joints in the human body. The knee joint disorders constitute a major part of the cases in daily orthopedics practice. More than 5% of patients with knee problems who admit to the clinic require surgical interventions. The knee joint a very complicated and complex joint due to the shapes of the articulating bones, the diversity and the complexity of the ligaments and the anatomical structures such as menisci. A precise knowledge of the anatomy of the knee, which has such a complex structure, is mandatory for the efficacy of the treatment and the prevention of the complications during the commonly performed operations such as diagnostic or therapeutical arthroscopic approaches, ligament reconstructions, and joint replacement surgeries. In this review, we aimed to describe the anatomy of the knee joint with a special focus on the structures which are of clinical importance.