Lower extremity neuropathies are infrequent and therefore they are usually underdiagnosed or undiagnosed entities. The knowledge of peripheral nerve anatomy and possible entrapment sites is an issue with utmost importance. A detailed physical examination and radiologic studies are also valuable in the diagnostic pathway. After the correct diagnosis, one should focus on diminishing external pressure, inflammation, correction of the causative deformities and pinching soft tissues. This review gives a systematic approach to the anatomy, patophysiology, diagnostic methods and the treatment of most commonly encountered nerve entrapments in the lower extremities.