Glenohumeral instability and posterior labral injury can be an important cause of pain and poor performance in overhead athletes. Therefore, it is important to understand the biomechanics of this type of injury and to be able to diagnose it at an early stage. Conservative methods may be beneficial in the early period and when the severity of the injury is low. If conservative methods are insufficient, posterior capsulolabral repair can be performed surgically. The aim of the operation should be to restore the compression effect of the inferior labrum, to restore the tension band function of the superior labrum, and to stabilize the glenohumeral joint by removing additional injuries. With the development of surgical techniques and the increase in the experience of the surgeons, the rate of returning to sports at their former levels has reached reasonable levels in recent years. For this, it is important to make the correct diagnosis in the early period, to eliminate the pathology with the right surgical technique at the right time, and to apply the postoperative rehabilitation steps at a good level.