The growing interest in sports by people of all ages and skill levels has led to increased sports-related injuries in recent years. Soft tissue and bone injuries around the elbow are very common among these injuries, and many of them are caused by overuse. Elbow injuries are crucial in all joint injuries because they can cause more severe complications and shows significant epidemiological differences between sports. In sports where overhead and throwing activities are used more commonly, acute, and chronic injuries increase due to valgus stress in the elbow joint. Alternatively, pathologies related to the olecranon come to the forefront in sports that require strong elbow hyperextension. In this context, determining the risk factors for injuries and sports and understanding the mechanisms of their formation is a priority for protection from injuries. It contains essential information for prevention strategies to be developed later. This article aims to evaluate the acute and overuse injuries of the elbow joint from an epidemiological point of view and present preventive approaches together with risk factors.