Total hip and total knee arthroplasties constitute the highest risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) comparing to other major surgeries. VTE has a great importance in joint replacement surgery due to its mortal complications such as pulmoner embolism. Without any thromboprophylaxis, the incidence of VTE in total hip arthroplasty rises up to 60%. Taking into consideration that VTE is responsible for 1/10 patients` death in hospitalized patients; prevention of VTE seems to be more eligible, more logical and more cost-effective. Nowadays, although there are so many different techniques in preventing VTE, well proved data is still limited and continuing debates about prevention technique and timing are still going on. In recent years, administration of oral anticoagulants has been associated with increased preference and promising results. Pharmacologic investigations are still going on with new drugs providing utilization comfort, but problems are not completely overcome. In this review, we aimed to discuss VTE prophylaxis after total hip arthroplasty under current literature knowledge.